Study of Epilepsy and its Correlation with Neuroimaging and Drug Therapy

Background: Thousands of people in the world suffer from epilepsy. Inspite of modern advances, it can be controlled in only 80% of treated once. Diagnosis and treatment of epilepsy is still challenged. The present study is attempted to highlight the importance of clinical findings and role of EEG and CT scan and MRI in diagnosis of epilepsy2.Aim:To study the incidence and epidemiological profile, various types of epilepsy and correlation with MRI, CT SCAN, EEG and the effectiveness of various Anti epilepticdrugs in different types of epilepsy. Settings and Design: This is a prospective study carried out at Civil Hospital, Ahmedabad.Methods:All the patients having 2 and/or more unprovoked seizures and already enrolled patients in epilepsy clinic in 1 year duration from January 1,2020 to December 31,2020 were included.Results &Conclusions:Out of 6930 total admissions, 163 patients with epilepsy were enrolled in this study from age group of 1 month to 12 years. Out of 163 patients, 97 were male and 66 were female. Most common age group affected is of 1-5 years. 128 patients (78.62%) were of generalized epilepsy and 35 patients were of partial epilepsy. Most common precipitating factor in epilepsy is inadequate drug dosages (45%). 45 patients (22.7%) have developmental delay. Abnormal EEG findings were present in 123 patients (75.46%). Abnormal MRI findings were present in 37 patients (22.7%). CT scan was done in 56 patients, 20 were abnormal. 107 patients were on monotherapy and 56 patients were on polytherapy. Valproate is most commonly used drug (76.6%).

Adolescents: a paediatrician's or an adult physician's domain? clinical profile of Indian adolescents admitted in pediatric ward and those admitted in other than pediatric ward

Background: Study of the clinical profile and no. of admissions of adolescents admitted in pediatric ward and other than Pediatric ward.Methods: A Prospective Study, conducted during August 2018 to March 2019, at a tertiary care teaching hospital, including age group 10-19 years.Results: Out of 1645, highest adolescents' admissions'' 749 (46.37%) were to medical ward, 2nd highest in the Pediatric ward which was 317 (19.6%), followed by general surgical ward which was 312(19.3%).'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' Highest among late adolescents, infectious diseases were still the leading cause of hospitalization of adolescents as it constituted 68.4% (902) of admissions to other than pediatric ward followed by surgical cause[135(10.2%)] followed by accidents [5%(66)].Conclusions: Infectious diseases are more common in adolescents compared to developed countries. The shift in hospitalisation of adolescents from pediatrics to general medicine at about 14 years is illustrated in present study and reflects the need of better implementation of clinical policy on the age divide.

Study of Vit D3 Level in Lower Respiratory Tract Infection Patient

Low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH] D) levels have been associated with increased susceptibility to and severity of lower respiratory tract infections. Hypovitaminosis D may be a modifiable risk factor in the severity of lower respiratory illnesses. Aims and Objective: The aim is to study the association of vitamin D deficiency with lower respiratory tract infections in children from 1 month to 12 year of age admitted in civil hospital pediatric ward. Methods: All patients aged 1 month to 12 years with lower respiratory tract infections admitted as inpatient in the Department of Pediatrics, civil hospital ahmedabad has been tested for serum Vitamin D levels by standard serological test.Informed consent had taken from the parents. All data collcected with use of preformed performa. About 3 ml of blood is collected and sent for serum 25 (OH) vitamin D analysis. Results & Conclusion: Total 75 patients has been enrolled in this study. Patient from 1 month to 12 years were included. Out of 75 patients, 44 are male child and 31 are female child. Out of 75 patients, 43 patients have sufficient vitamin D level while 21 patient have vitamin D insufficiency and 11 patient have vitamin D deficiency. Vitamin D deficiency and no. of respiratory tract infections were more in male children than female children. Vitamin D levels were low in children who were exclusively breast fed for 6 months (65.6%). Vitamin D levels were low in children who had poor exposure to sunlight (78.1%). There is no significant association between lower respiratory tract infection and vit D3 level.